Australia Reaches To Japan To Fill Naval Fighting Gaps

The Australian National Audit Office did an audit of the sustainment of our ANZAC-class frigates in 2019, which found the ships were not in a good state. The hulls had been degraded because they had been run so hard. And the reason they'd been run so hard is because we didn't have enough ships.

So, this deal with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries means we have a concrete plan to replace some of them.

There's still an issue with the time frame, though. Australia expects to receive the first ship from the Japanese in 2029, with two more by 2034.

That's asking a lot of the current ANZAC-class ships. There's a real question about whether they can actually make it that long, or if we will need to decommission even more in the latter part of this decade.

The reason we have this time frame gap is that ships can't be built overnight.

In 2009, we identified a need to replace the ANZACs, and we didn't make a decision on a new ship until 2018 when we selected the Hunter-class frigates. These new ships are being designed and built by BAE , a UK company.

The first Hunter frigate is expected to be operational in 2034. That's a huge time gap between the decision to go with BAE in 2018 and actually having our first ship.

We were initially meant to get nine Hunter-class ships, but that number was reduced to six last year when an independent analysis team recommended acquiring a number of new multipurpose frigates instead (the Mogami frigates now coming from Japan).

We don't know exactly when the Hunter frigates will all be delivered. But even once we have them, it will also be difficult to integrate two different types of frigates (the Hunters and Mogamis) into service at the same time. There won't be a lot of commonality between the two types of ships.

The government should be pushing Japan to see if we can possibly get the Mogami frigates any earlier. And we should be talking to BAE about doing the same.

The one major flaw in this whole process is the failure of successive governments to take a broader look at Australia's naval capability needs. The independent analysis led by retired US Navy Vice Admiral William Hilarides last year should have been directed to do this.

We've solved one problem now with the surface combatants, but other issues remain. We're playing a game of whack-a-mole.

There are also a range of risks with the new deal. One is that the new Mogami ship doesn't actually exist yet. We've ordered an upgraded Mogami, based on a new design. Japan has even said Australia could get one of the upgraded ships ahead of its own navy .

This risk is mitigated, however, by Japan's fantastic track record in building ships.

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The second risk, which is significant and should not be underestimated, is that Japan does not have experience in exporting complex military equipment overseas. Japan has never exported a new warship to another country.

And what complicates this further is that Australia has historically been quite a demanding shipbuilding customer. Some believe a reason for the challenges we've experienced with the Hunter-class frigates is partially because we've made a lot of changes .

Lastly, the strategic relationship between Australia and Japan is bigger than shipbuilding. It has rapidly evolved because our national security interests are aligned. The danger with this frigate deal is that it could damage our relationship if something doesn't go right.

So, we need to proceed carefully to make sure this doesn't happen.

Jennifer Parker is adjunct fellow, Naval Studies at UNSW Canberra, and expert associate, National Security College, Australian National University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article .

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