Trump-Xi Summit To Weigh US Energy Sales Amid Hormuz Crisis
US officials have recently said a deal for Beijing to buy more American energy is under consideration, as the war in Iran and the blockade around the Strait of Hormuz have raised fresh questions about China's exposure to Middle Eastern supply routes.
Chinese imports of US oil and liquefied natural gas (LNG) amounted to US$8.4 billion in 2024, but were largely halted after the tariff war initiated by Trump in April 2025.
In 2024, China imported 193,000 barrels per day of US crude oil, worth about US$6 billion in total. But it has not imported any US oil since May 2025 due to a 20% import tariff imposed during the trade war, offsetting the shortfall with higher shipments from countries such as Canada and Brazil.
For US LNG, China's imports have fluctuated sharply in recent years. In 2021, China imported about 7.04 million tons of US LNG, but the figure declined to 4.15 million tons in 2024 as Chinese buyers turned to suppliers such as Russia and Qatar, which offered more cost-effective cargoes than US spot shipments.
The figure fell further to 26,000 tons in 2025 after China imposed a 25% tariff on US LNG as part of the tit-for-tat trade war.
China's imports of US ethane and propane, by contrast, have been less affected by rising political tensions between the two countries. It is because the US was China's sole supplier of ethane and remained China's largest propane supplier in 2025. Both materials are for making plastics.
The US has been pushing China to buy its energy through a carrot-and-stick strategy. On the one hand, the US Treasury Department in April sanctioned Chinese“teapot” oil refiners and dozens of ships and vessels linked to Iran's shadow fleet, while also threatening secondary sanctions on Chinese banks that help settle transactions related to Iranian oil.
US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer said on May 6 that buyers of Iranian oil were contributing to Tehran's terrorism activities and that China's refusal to comply with US sanctions would have to become a key discussion item in the coming Trump-Xi meeting.
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