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U.S. Posts Sharp Decline in Current Account Deficit
(MENAFN) America's current account deficit shrank sharply in the final quarter of 2025, tumbling 20.2% from the prior quarter to $190.7 billion — its leanest reading since early 2021 — as fresh data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis released Wednesday revealed a trade and income picture that decisively outpaced Wall Street expectations.
Analysts had braced for a $211 billion shortfall in Q4 2025. Instead, the deficit came in well below that threshold, offering a rare bright spot for the broader US economic outlook.
The improvement was even more striking when set against a revised Q3 2025 figure, which the Bureau of Economic Analysis adjusted upward to $239.1 billion from an initially reported $226.4 billion — widening the quarterly swing to $48.4 billion.
As a share of gross domestic product, the deficit contracted to 2.4% in Q4, down meaningfully from 3.1% in the preceding quarter.
The Bureau of Economic Analysis pointed directly to shifting income flows as the key driver behind the improvement. "The $48.4 billion narrowing of the current-account deficit in the fourth quarter reflected a shift in the balance on primary income from a deficit in the third quarter to a surplus in the fourth quarter and a reduced deficit on goods," the bureau said in a statement.
On the export side, combined goods, services, and income receipts climbed $32.4 billion to reach $1.33 trillion, buoyed by stronger goods shipments and higher primary income receipts from abroad. Meanwhile, total imports and income payments to foreign residents eased by $16 billion to $1.52 trillion, pulled lower by declining goods imports and reduced primary income payments.
Capital flow data showed minor shifts: capital transfer receipts dipped $80 million to $101 million, while capital transfer payments surged $1.8 billion to $3 billion.
On the financial account, net transactions registered negative $135.9 billion, reflecting continued US net borrowing from overseas. American investors expanded their foreign financial holdings by $405 billion during the quarter, though US liabilities to foreign residents climbed by a larger $532 billion.
The country's net international investment position stood at negative $27.54 trillion at year-end, fractionally improved from a revised negative $27.55 trillion at the close of Q3. Total US assets were recorded at $42.96 trillion, against liabilities of $70.49 trillion.
Analysts had braced for a $211 billion shortfall in Q4 2025. Instead, the deficit came in well below that threshold, offering a rare bright spot for the broader US economic outlook.
The improvement was even more striking when set against a revised Q3 2025 figure, which the Bureau of Economic Analysis adjusted upward to $239.1 billion from an initially reported $226.4 billion — widening the quarterly swing to $48.4 billion.
As a share of gross domestic product, the deficit contracted to 2.4% in Q4, down meaningfully from 3.1% in the preceding quarter.
The Bureau of Economic Analysis pointed directly to shifting income flows as the key driver behind the improvement. "The $48.4 billion narrowing of the current-account deficit in the fourth quarter reflected a shift in the balance on primary income from a deficit in the third quarter to a surplus in the fourth quarter and a reduced deficit on goods," the bureau said in a statement.
On the export side, combined goods, services, and income receipts climbed $32.4 billion to reach $1.33 trillion, buoyed by stronger goods shipments and higher primary income receipts from abroad. Meanwhile, total imports and income payments to foreign residents eased by $16 billion to $1.52 trillion, pulled lower by declining goods imports and reduced primary income payments.
Capital flow data showed minor shifts: capital transfer receipts dipped $80 million to $101 million, while capital transfer payments surged $1.8 billion to $3 billion.
On the financial account, net transactions registered negative $135.9 billion, reflecting continued US net borrowing from overseas. American investors expanded their foreign financial holdings by $405 billion during the quarter, though US liabilities to foreign residents climbed by a larger $532 billion.
The country's net international investment position stood at negative $27.54 trillion at year-end, fractionally improved from a revised negative $27.55 trillion at the close of Q3. Total US assets were recorded at $42.96 trillion, against liabilities of $70.49 trillion.
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