(MENAFN- Live Mint) US President Donald Trump's former aide and national security adviser John Bolton has been indicted on 18 federal counts, including eight for transmission and ten for retention of national defence information. The charges, unsealed by the U.S. Department of Justice, centre on the alleged mishandling of classified material during and after his tenure in the Trump administration.

Who is John Bolton?

A veteran of Republican administrations, John Robert Bolton served as U.S. ambassador to the United Nations under President George W. Bush and later became Donald Trump's National Security Adviser from April 2018 to September 2019. Known for his hawkish foreign-policy views, Bolton was a prominent advocate of a hard line against Iran and North Korea.

After resigning amid policy clashes with President Trump, he published a memoir, The Room Where It Happened, in 2020 - a book that drew both praise and lawsuits from the White House. Bolton continued to work as a policy analyst in Washington, often arriving before dawn at his private office to write, research and maintain his foreign-policy networks.

What are the exact charges against Bolton?

The indictment accuses John Bolton of unlawfully transmitting and retaining classified national defence information.

Eight counts of transmission of national defence information.

Ten counts of unlawful retention of national defence information.

Allegations include using a personal AOL email account as a kind of digital diary, summarising his daily activities while serving as National Security Adviser.

Some messages allegedly contained sensitive or classified information later accessed by unauthorised individuals.

Prosecutors claim Bolton kept restricted files in his home and Washington office.

Each count carries a potential sentence of up to 10 years in prison, though sentencing would depend on judicial discretion.

Was his John Bolton's email hacked - and how does it fit into the case?

Yes. Investigators say Bolton's personal email account was later hacked in 2021, exposing sensitive information. The FBI was notified, but prosecutors allege Bolton failed to disclose that classified notes were stored there. Some materials were reportedly marked“Top Secret” and included intelligence briefings and details of covert operations.

The alleged mishandling of this information forms the core of the prosecution's case.

What did John Bolton say about the indictment?

In his first public reaction, John Bolton claimed the charges were politically motivated and part of Donald Trump's retribution campaign:

“For four decades, I have devoted my life to America's foreign policy and national security. I would never compromise those goals. I tried to do that during my tenure in the first Trump Administration but resigned when it became impossible to do so.

“Donald Trump's retribution against me began then, continued when he tried unsuccessfully to block the publication of my book, The Room Where It Happened, before the 2020 election, and became one of his rallying cries in his re-election campaign.

“Now, I have become the latest target in weaponizing the Justice Department to charge those he deems to be his enemies with charges that were declined before or distort the facts.

“My book was reviewed and approved by the appropriate, experienced career clearance officials. When my e-mail was hacked in 2021, the FBI was made fully aware. In four years of the prior administration, after these reviews, no charges were ever filed.

“Then came Trump 2 who embodies what Joseph Stalin's head of secret police once said, 'You show me the man, and I'll show you the crime.'

“Dissent and disagreement are foundational to America's constitutional system, and vitally important to our freedom. I look forward to the fight to defend my lawful conduct and to expose his abuse of power.

Why now - and is John Bolton's indictment politically motivated?

Many observers see the timing and nature of the indictment in the context of heightened legal scrutiny around figures who have been adversarial to Donald Trump. Some relevant points:

The case continues a trend of charges against individuals critical of the former president, including recent indictments of James Comey and New York AG Letitia James.

The Justice Department emphasises that the indictment was brought by career prosecutors in Maryland.

Critics counter that Bolton is being singled out because he broke with Trump publicly, notably via his book and criticism of Trump's foreign-policy decisions.

Whether a court views the case as legally strong or politically fraught remains to be seen as the prosecution and defence begin presenting their evidence.

What's next - legal timeline and possible outcomes?

In the immediate term, a presiding judge will schedule arraignment, pretrial motions, and discovery deadlines. Bolton is presumed innocent until proven guilty. He may challenge the indictment on grounds such as classification disputes, statute interpretation, or First Amendment claims regarding diary writing.

If convicted on all 18 counts, Bolton could face decades in prison, though actual sentencing would reflect federal guidelines, mitigation, and judicial discretion.

Meanwhile, the case is likely to fuel further debate about the politicisation of federal prosecutions, the handling of classified information by former officials, and the limits of dissent in American public life.

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