Voice Of America Took Jazz Behind The Iron Curtain

As Nye believed, a nation can use military intervention (“hard power”) to achieve its foreign policy aims, or it can create familiarity with other nations by promoting its culture, educational institutions and ideology (“soft power”).

During the Cold War, VOA broadcasts were an invaluable method of cultivating soft power. People all over the world relied on them as a source of news and commentary, especially in countries where the media was state-controlled.

Additionally, Voice of America effectively became an advertisement for the American way of life. The Music USA program, for instance, took Western popular culture to a global audience. This was especially effective in the Eastern Bloc, where jazz , in particular, became incredibly popular.

Voice of America and the other US-funded radio stations operating during the Cold War, such as Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, had their share of critics. The majority came from the Eastern Bloc . Some, however, were American.

In the 1970s, Senator William J. Fulbright, for instance, maintained that radio broadcasts such as VOA hindered diplomacy with the Soviet Union by disseminating American propaganda. He called them“Cold War relics .”

They were not mere propaganda mouthpieces, though. Although these stations and many of the other radio outlets under the control of the United States Agency for Global Media (USAGM) were funded by the American government, they demonstrated a reliance on journalistic integrity.

The VOA has also not shied away from reporting on negative aspects of American society . This is likely one reason why Trump has been so critical of its mandate.

The short-term implications of Voice of America's potential demise are worrying. Many journalists are out of work and a respected institution promoting international diplomacy hangs in the balance.

The long-term geopolitical implications, however, could be far greater. First, Voice of America and other stations managed by USAGM have long provided an alternative to state-run media in countries such as Russia and China.

Outlets like Russia's Sputnik news organisation, which was recently removed from the airwaves in Washington for promoting antisemitic content and misinformation about the war in Ukraine, will now face fewer challenges reaching a global audience.

Taking VOA off the air also signals the Trump administration is done with soft power as a diplomatic tool and has little regard for the harm this will cause America's reputation on the global stage.

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If the US abandons the principles of appealing to other governments through soft power, it could resort to other means to achieve its geopolitical aims. This includes hard power.

One soft power advocate, General James Mattis, told Congress in 2013 when he was overseeing US military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan,“If you don't fund the State Department fully, then I need to buy more ammunition ultimately.”

The Trump administration's rejection of soft power as a diplomatic tool could also allow China, in particular, to take its place.

As Nye himself pointed out in a recent Washington Post essay, polling in 24 countries in 2023 found the US was viewed much more positively than China. Another survey showed the US had the advantage over China in 81 of 133 countries surveyed.

Nye concluded:“If Trump thinks he will easily beat China by completely forgoing soft power, he is likely to be disappointed. And so will we.”

Ben Hammond is a PhD Student at Flinders University .

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article .

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